...In summary, this review identifies three fundamental flaws in the current [Indian] biosafety regulatory framework in the form of the EPA Rules 1989 that need to be rectified for the Indian regulatory system to function in a cost-effective and time-bound manner:
Firstly, GM crops are categorized as ‘inherently harmful’ under the ‘hazardous substance’ provision of the Environmental Protection Act 1986, which is scientifically incorrect and gives rise to misperceptions about the safety and potential risk of GM crops to health and environment.
Secondly, the EPA Rules 1989 to regulate GM crops were issued not by a ‘legislative act’ but by an ‘administrative order’ that remains untenable and liable to change with the desire of MOEF, which affects the predictability of the regulations and ignores the need to take into account the views and policies of other concerned ministries and the Parliament of India.
Finally, the Union environment ministry administers the regulation of GM crops in India whereas agriculture falls under the respective State(s). This often confronts approvals posing a ‘Union Vs State’ conflict in decision-making on GM crops.
Plant Biotechnology Journal (2014) 12, pp. 135–146
Regulatory options for genetically modified crops in India
Bhagirath Choudhary, Godelieve Gheysen Jeroen Buysse, Piet van der Meer and Sylvia Burssens
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